Scientifically known as Euphorbia trigona, the African milk tree belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family. This striking succulent is native to Africa and thrives in arid regions with minimal water requirements This striking plant features a thick green stem with sharp thorns and clusters of small leaves at the tips.
Some common names for this plant include Cathedral Cactus, Abyssinian Euphorbia, and Friendship Tree. This hardy succulent can thrive indoors as well as outdoors in warm climates. the African milk tree produces milky white sap called latex, which can be toxic if ingested and can cause skin irritation upon contact, so caution should be taken when handling this plant.
AFRICAN MILK TREE CARE
The African milk tree is renowned for its low maintenance requirements, making it an ideal choice for busy plant enthusiasts. Its succulent-like leaves store water, allowing the plant to thrive in dry conditions with minimal watering needs This resilient plant can adapt well to varying light conditions, from bright indirect sunlight to low light settings.
LIGHT REQUIREMENT
The African milk tree, scientifically known as Euphorbia trigona, thrives in bright sunlight. To ensure the health and growth of this unique succulent plant, it is essential to provide it with ample light. Ideally, placing it in a spot where it can receive direct sunlight for at least 6 hours a day will promote vibrant green growth and prevent leggy, weak stems.
While the African milk tree does require plenty of light to flourish, care should be taken not to expose it to too much direct sunlight. In very hot climates, providing some shade during the hottest part of the day can prevent sunburn and damage to the plant.
SOIL REQUIREMENT
The African milk tree, also known as Euphorbia trigona, is a striking succulent that requires well-draining soil to thrive. This plant is native to Africa and flourishes in arid climates, making proper soil selection essential for its growth. To meet its needs, a sandy or cactus mix that allows excess water to drain effectively is recommended. It’s important to avoid heavy soils or those prone to waterlogging, as they can lead to root rot and other issues. Adding perlite or sand to the soil mix can improve drainage even further and mimic the plant’s natural habitat.
WATER REQUIREMENT
During the growing season in spring and summer, the plant requires more frequent watering to support its growth and development. It is important to allow the soil to dry out slightly between waterings to prevent overwatering, which can lead to root rot.
In contrast, during the dormant season in fall and winter, the African milk tree requires less frequent watering as it enters a period of rest. Water the plant once a week in the summer. A good rule of thumb is to stick your finger into the soil – if it feels dry up to a few inches deep, then it’s time to water again.
FERTILIZER
During the spring and summer months, it is important to fertilize the plant monthly to provide it with essential nutrients. To ensure optimal results, use a water-soluble fertilizer that is diluted to half strength before feeding the African Milk Tree. Avoid excessive fertilization which can lead to salt buildup in the soil and damage the roots. Avoid fertilizing it during dormant periods in the fall and winter.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
The African milk tree, also known as Euphorbia trigona, thrives in warm temperatures ranging from 65°F to 85°F. It is essential to avoid temperatures below 50°F, as the plant is sensitive to cold and can suffer damage. In terms of humidity requirements, this succulent plant prefers moderate to high levels of humidity, ideally between 50% to 70%.
PRUNING
When you decide to prune your African milk tree, one crucial reminder is to wear gloves. This plant exudes a toxic sap that can irritate the skin, so protecting yourself is essential. Start by identifying the branches that need trimming. Use sharp, clean pruning shears to make precise cuts at a 45-degree angle to promote quicker healing of the wounds. Focus on removing dead or diseased branches first, then move on to shaping the plant for optimal growth and aesthetics. The best time to prune is during the active growing season in spring or summer. Avoid pruning during the fall or winter months, as this can leave your plant vulnerable to damage or infection.
AFRICAN MILK TREE PROPAGATION
African milk tree propagation is done via stem cutting. First, select a healthy stem on your African milk tree that is 4-6 inches long and free from any damage or disease. Use a sharp, sterilized knife to make a clean cut at a 45-degree angle just below a node. Remove any leaves from the lower half of the cutting to prevent moisture loss and focus energy on root development.
Next, allow the cutting to dry for about 2-3 days to form a callus, which will help prevent rotting when placed in soil. Prepare your propagation medium by using well-draining soil or a mixture of perlite and peat moss to promote healthy root growth. Plant the cutting in the soil mixture at least 1-2 inches deep and water thoroughly.
Place the potted cutting in indirect sunlight and maintain consistent moisture levels by misting regularly or using a humidity dome. Within 4-6 weeks, you should start to see roots forming on your African milk tree cutting. Once roots are established, you can transplant them into a larger pot with well-draining soil to continue their growth journey.
POTTING AND REPOTTING AFRICAN MILK TREE
Repot this plant every one to two years to ensure proper growth and health. The process of repotting is fairly simple, but be sure to wear gloves as the sap of the African Milk Tree can cause skin irritation.
Start by gently removing the plant from its current pot and inspecting the roots for any signs of rot or damage. Trim away any unhealthy roots before placing the plant in a slightly larger pot with fresh soil. Firmly pack the new soil around the roots and water thoroughly to help the plant settle into its new home.
COMMON PETS/DISEASE
these plants are typically not susceptible to pests and diseases. However, one issue to watch out for is the cotton-like threads made by mealybugs. These tiny insects can infest the plant and create a white, powdery substance that resembles cotton threads on the stems and leaves. To remove mealybugs from your African milk tree, mix water with a small amount of dish soap in a spray bottle and thoroughly coat the affected areas.